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All chapters

Everything across the three tracks, in one flat list. Use search ( / ) to jump straight to a topic.

High-Level Design

01
Storage engines: B-trees vs LSM-trees
24 min read
→
02
Replication
12 min read
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03
Partitioning (sharding)
10 min read
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04
Transactions and isolation levels
14 min read
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05
Failure handling: timeouts, retries, idempotency
11 min read
→
06
Observability
10 min read
→
07
Capacity planning & queueing theory
8 min read
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08
SRE practices: SLOs, error budgets, incidents
7 min read
→
09
CDC, event sourcing, and the outbox pattern
8 min read
→
10
Caching strategies
11 min read
→
11
Multi-region architecture
6 min read
→
12
Migrations at scale
7 min read
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13
Cost engineering
5 min read
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14
Design docs and ADRs
6 min read
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16
Topics for later
2 min read
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17
Master reading list
2 min read
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High-Level Design: Examples

01
Design Twitter (the feed problem)
13 min read
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02
Design WhatsApp / a messaging service
9 min read
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03
Design Uber's matching system
8 min read
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04
Design YouTube / a video streaming platform
6 min read
→
05
Design Dropbox / file synchronisation
6 min read
→
06
Design a URL shortener (TinyURL / bit.ly)
4 min read
→
07
Design Instagram
4 min read
→
08
Design a distributed rate limiter
5 min read
→
09
Design a distributed cache (Memcached/Redis-class)
4 min read
→
10
Design autocomplete / typeahead suggestions
5 min read
→
11
Design a notification service
4 min read
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12
Design a web crawler
3 min read
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13
Design a payment system (Stripe-class)
5 min read
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14
Design Slack
3 min read
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15
Design a distributed job scheduler
4 min read
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—
Closing thoughts on the 15 examples
2 min read
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Low-Level Design

01
How to approach an LLD interview
3 min read
→
02
SOLID principles in practice
2 min read
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03
Design patterns refresher
3 min read
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04
Class relationships and notation
2 min read
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05
Problem 1: Design a Parking Lot
7 min read
→
06
Problem 2: Design an Elevator System
6 min read
→
07
Problem 3: Design an ATM
6 min read
→
08
Problem 4: Design a Library Management System
5 min read
→
09
Problem 5: Design a Chess Game
6 min read
→
10
Problem 6: Design Tic-Tac-Toe
3 min read
→
11
Problem 7: Design Splitwise
5 min read
→
12
Problem 8: Design a Vending Machine
3 min read
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13
Problem 9: Design an LRU Cache
3 min read
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14
Problem 10: Design a Logger
3 min read
→
15
Problem 11: Design BookMyShow / Movie Booking
3 min read
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16
Problem 12: Design a Pub-Sub System
2 min read
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17
Problem 13: Design a Thread Pool
2 min read
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18
Problem 14: Design a File System
2 min read
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19
Problem 15: Design a Rate Limiter (LLD)
2 min read
→
20
Patterns frequency map across the 15 problems
2 min read
→
21
Master reading list
2 min read
→

AI Engineering

01
Foundations · Python for AI engineering
2 min read
→
02
Foundations · The math + ML survival kit
2 min read
→
03
Foundations · Transformers from first principles
2 min read
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04
LLM Engineering · Provider landscape and tradeoffs
2 min read
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05
LLM Engineering · Prompt engineering that works
2 min read
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06
LLM Engineering · Structured output and tool use
2 min read
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07
LLM Engineering · Cost, latency, and reliability
2 min read
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08
RAG Systems · Embeddings and semantic search
2 min read
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09
RAG Systems · Vector databases — choosing and operating
2 min read
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10
RAG Systems · Chunking and retrieval strategies
2 min read
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11
RAG Systems · Evaluating RAG and LLM systems
2 min read
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12
AI Agents · ReAct loop and core patterns
3 min read
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13
AI Agents · Multi-agent orchestration
3 min read
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14
AI Agents · Memory architectures
3 min read
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15
AI Agents · Reliability — failure modes and guardrails
2 min read
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16
Production · Serving LLM applications
2 min read
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17
Production · Observability and tracing
2 min read
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18
Production · Safety — prompt injection, jailbreaks, PII
2 min read
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19
Production · Fine-tuning when prompting hits a wall
2 min read
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20
Production · Cost engineering at scale
2 min read
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21
AI engineering — 5 worked examples
7 min read
→
22
Career · The AI engineering interview
3 min read
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23
Master reading list
2 min read
→